“Paltop has decided to consistently clean their products with ultra-pure water (UPW), which is rather expensive to produce, compared to regular demineralized water, and is otherwise mostly employed by the semiconductor industry. XPS analyses of the implant surface thus cleaned show no traces of sulphur, silicon, zinc or chlorine, inorganic impurities frequently found in the XPS analyses of the sandblasted and acid-etched surfaces of implants by other manufacturers. The corresponding EDX analysis shows only the typical elements for grade five titanium...”
